Mai i te tīmatanga o ngā whakaeke a ngā Houthi i te Moana Whero, kua piki ake ngā utu inihua pakanga mā te 900 ōrau. Nō tētahi pūrongo i tukuna i te 26 o ngā rā e te Huihuinga Hokohoko me te Whakawhanaketanga o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao (UNCTAD) tēnei tatauranga whakamataku.
E ai ki ngā puna pono, ko ngā utu mōrearea pakanga he 0.1 ōrau noa iho o te uara o tētahi kaipuke i te mutunga o te tau kua hipa, engari i te tīmatanga o tēnei marama, kua piki ake taua tatauranga ki te 1 ōrau o te uara o te kaipuke. He pānga nui tēnei pikinga nui ki te umanga kaipuke me te hokohoko o te ao.
I taua wā anō, e whakaatu ana te pūrongo i tētahi ia āhuatanga whakamataku: kua tino heke te nui o ngā waka e haere ana i roto i te Awa o Suez i tēnei tau mā te 42 ōrau i ia tau, ā, kua heke anō hoki te nui o ngā waka e haere ana i roto i a Panama mā te 49 ōrau. Ko te hekenga o tēnei hekenga o te kaipuke he 12 ōrau o te katoa o ngā hokohoko o Amerika, ko ngā kaweake he 21.3 ōrau, ā, ko ngā kawemai he 5.7 ōrau.
Mō ngā whenua pēnei i a Ecuador (25.6%), Chile (22%) me Peru (21.8%), he tino kino te pānga o te awaawa kua āraia. Kua pāngia te nui o te hokohoko o ēnei whenua, ā, he nui te wāhanga o ngā taonga ipu. I te wiki tuarua o Pēpuere, e 586 ngā kaipuke ipu kua huri haere i te taha o te Cape of Good Hope kia kore ai e tae ki te Awaawa o Suez.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua pāngia te hokohoko i roto i ētahi whenua e te pakaru o te Awa o Suez. E ai ki te pūrongo, 33.9 ōrau o te hokohoko a Sudan, 30.5 ōrau o te hokohoko a Djibouti, 26.4 ōrau o te hokohoko a Saudi Arabia me te 19.4 ōrau o te hokohoko a Seychelles i pāngia katoatia ki tētahi whānuitanga.
He tauira rongonui a Yemen, ā, i kitea e te UNCTAD tata ki te 31.6 ōrau o āna mahi hokohoko ka pāngia kinotia e te whakakorenga o te awa, he mea e taupatupatu ana ki āna tumanakohanga.
I kī anō a Unctad, ehara i te mea ka piki ake ngā pēhanga pikinga utu nā te whakararuraru i te kawe waka, ā, ka piki ake te utu o ngā taonga, inā koa te kai. I kitea tēnei i te wā i piki ake ai ngā utu utanga i muri i te mate urutā. E ai ki te pūrongo, tata ki te haurua o te pikinga utu kai i tuhia i te tau 2022 ka puta mai i ngā utu kawe waka teitei ake.
Hei tāpiritanga, i tāpiri atu a UNCTAD mā te huri ki te Cape of Good Hope me te pikinga ake o te tere ka piki ake te whakapaunga wahie mō ngā kaipuke. Mō ngā huarahi mai i te Rawhiti ki te Raki o Ūropi, ka piki ake pea te whakapaunga wahie tae atu ki te 70%.
Ahakoa i arotahi ngā pūrongo o mua ki te pikinga ake o te whakapaunga wahie o ngā kaipuke i te rere anō, i kitea e te UNCTAD kua piki ake hoki te tere, mai i te toharite o te 14.6 knots i te marama o Oketopa ki te 16.2 knots i waenganui o Hānuere. Kua tatauhia ko te pikinga o te tere e rua-knots ka piki ake te whakapaunga wahie mā te 31% ia maero.
E whakaatu ana te pūrongo he tino ngoikore ngā whenua whakawhanake ki ngā whakararuraru i roto i ngā whatunga kaipuke me ngā panonitanga o ngā tauira hokohoko. Ehara i te mea ka piki ake ngā utu i tēnei panonitanga, engari ka taea hoki te whakarerekē i te ngāwari o te hokohoko me te urunga atu ki ngā mākete. Ahakoa kāore anō kia eke te pānga o ēnei whakararuraru ki te taumata o te whakararuraru i puta mai i te mate urutā, i te raruraru kawe waka rānei o te ao i puta mai i te tau 2021-2022, kei te aro turuki tonu te UNCTAD i te āhua e whanake ana hei aromatawai i tōna pānga roa ki te hokohoko o te ao me te umanga kaipuke.
Puna: Whatunga Tukunga
Te wā tuku: 28-Pepuere-2024