I te mutunga o te tau 2023, i puta he huringa whakahihiri i te ia o ngā utu utanga ipu. Mai i te hekenga o te tono me te ngoikore o ngā utu utanga i te tīmatanga o te tau, ki te rongo kua ngaro te moni a ngā huarahi me ngā kamupene rererangi, te āhua nei kei roto te mākete katoa i te hekenga. Heoi, mai i te marama o Tīhema, kua whakaekea ngā kaipuke hokohoko i te Moana Whero, ā, kua puta he huringa nui ki te Cape of Good Hope, ā, kua piki tere ngā utu utanga o ngā huarahi Pākehā me Amerika, kua piki rua i roto i te tata ki te rua marama, ā, kua piki ki te taumata teitei hou i muri i te mate urutā, kua whakatuwhera i tētahi whakataki ki tonu i te mea ngaro me ngā ohorere mō te mākete kaipuke i te tau 2024.
I te titiro whakamua ki te tau 2024, ngā taupatupatu ā-ao, te huringa āhuarangi, te kore taurite o te tuku me te tono kaha, te tirohanga ōhanga me ngā whiriwhiringa whakahou kaimahi tauranga o te United States East ILA, e rima ngā taurangi ka pā tahi ki te ia o te utu utanga. He wero, he whai wāhitanga hoki ēnei taurangi ka whakatau mēnā ka tīmata te mākete i tētahi atu huringa merekara kaipuke.
Nā ngā raruraru ōrite i roto i te Awa o Suez (e 12 ki te 15 ōrau o te hokohoko moana o te ao) me te Awa o Panama (5 ki te 7 ōrau o te hokohoko moana o te ao), e 15 ōrau o te hokohoko moana o te ao, kua whakaroahia, kua whakaitihia hoki te kaha o ngā utanga, ā, kua piki ake ngā utu utanga. Heoi, he mea nui kia mōhiotia kāore tēnei pikinga i te pikinga o te tono, engari nā te kaha iti me te nui o ngā utu utanga. Tērā pea ka piki ake te pikinga o ngā utu, ā, kua whakatūpato te Kotahitanga o Ūropi ka taea e ngā utu utanga teitei te whakaiti i te kaha hoko me te whakaiti i te tono mō ngā waka.
I taua wā anō, kei te manaaki te umanga kaipuke ipu i te nui o te kaha hou, ā, kei te kino haere te nui rawa o te kaha. E ai ki a BIMCO, ko te maha o ngā kaipuke hou ka tukuna i te tau 2024 ka eke ki te 478 me te 3.1 miriona TEU, he pikinga 41% ia tau, ā, he rekoata hou mō te rua o ngā tau karapīpiti. Nā tēnei i ārahi a Drewry ki te matapae ka ngaro pea i te umanga kaipuke ipu neke atu i te $10 piriona mō te tau 2024 katoa.
Heoi, nā te raruraru ohorere i te Moana Whero kua huri te umanga kaipuke. Nā te raruraru i piki ake ai ngā utu utanga, ā, kua whakakorengia ētahi o ngā kaha nui. Nā tēnā i āhei ai ētahi kamupene rererangi me ngā kaituku utanga ki te manawa. Kua pai ake te tirohanga whiwhinga moni a ngā kamupene pēnei i a Evergreen me Yangming Shipping, ā, ka pā te roa o te raruraru o te Moana Whero ki ngā utu utanga, ngā utu hinu me ngā utu, ā, ka pā tēnei ki ngā mahi o te hauwhā tuarua o te umanga kaipuke.
E whakapono ana ētahi kaitātari matua i roto i te umanga kawe ipu kei te pāngia a Ūropi e te pakanga i waenganui i a Rūhia me Ukraine me te raruraru o te Moana Whero, kāore te mahi ōhanga i te pai e ai ki te tumanako, ā, he ngoikore te tono. He rerekē, e matapaetia ana ka eke te ōhanga o Amerika ki te taumata ngawari, ā, ka haere tonu te whakapau moni a te tangata, ā, nā tēnei i tautokona ai te utu utanga o Amerika, ā, e matapaetia ana ka noho hei kaha matua mō ngā hua o ngā kamupene rererangi.
I te mea kei te kaha ngā whiriwhiringa mō te kirimana hou o te kirimana roa o te raina o te Hononga o Amerika, me te tata paunga o te kirimana a ngā ILA Longshoremen i te Rawhiti o te Hononga o Amerika, me te tūponotanga o te porotēhi (ka pau te kirimana a te ILA- International Longshoremen's Association i te mutunga o Hepetema, ki te kore e taea e ngā teihana me ngā kaikawe te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga, me whakarite mō te porotēhi i te Oketopa, ka pāngia ngā teihana o te Rawhiti me te Takutai Moana o te Hononga o Amerika), ka pāngia te ia o ngā utu utanga e ngā taurangi hou. Ahakoa kua arahina e te raruraru o te Moana Whero me te tauraki o te Awa o Panama ngā huringa i roto i ngā huarahi hokohoko kaipuke me ngā haerenga roa, e akiaki ana i ngā kaikawe ki te whakanui ake i te kaha ki te whakatutuki i ngā wero, he maha ngā whare whakaaro me ngā kaikawe o te ao e whakaae ana ka āwhina ngā pakanga ā-whenua me ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi ki te tautoko i ngā utu utanga, engari kāore e pā ki ngā utu utanga mō te wā roa.
Ki te titiro whakamua, ka tūtaki te umanga kaipuke ki ngā wero me ngā whai wāhitanga hou. I te whanaketanga o te rahi o ngā kaipuke, ka uaua ake te whakataetae me te hononga mahi tahi i waenga i ngā kamupene kaipuke. I te panuitanga ka whakatūria e Maersk rāua ko Hapag-Lloyd tētahi hononga hou, ko Gemini, i te Hui-tanguru 2025, kua tīmata tētahi rauna whakataetae hou i roto i te umanga kaipuke. Nā tēnei kua puta mai he taurangi hou ki te ia o ngā utu utanga, engari me titiro whakamua hoki te mākete ki ngā merekara kaipuke o te heke mai.
Puna: Whatunga Tukunga
Te wā tuku: 19-Pepuere-2024